*This page will be periodically updated with more resources and answers to general questions.

Find frequently asked questions about various immigration-related topics, including:

General FAQ
Immigration relief
Stay Informed and Be Prepared
Policy Changes
For Organizations and Allies

For more up-to-date information on recent policy changes and other common questions about immigration issues in Illinois, visit IllinoisImmigrationInfo.org

General FAQ

  • Everyone has rights regardless of their immigration status. Visit our Know Your Rights page for more information, including a toolkit to print and keep on hand.

    YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO…

    • REMAIN SILENT​

      To exercise this right, say loudly: “I wish to remain silent”​

    • NOT PERMIT ENTRY TO YOUR HOME, CAR, OR PHONE​

      It is NOT necessary to give access to your property unless ICE or the Police have a signed Judicial Warrant​

    • NOT SIGN ANYTHING​

    • SPEAK WITH AND BE REPRESENTED BY AN ATTORNEY​

      Visit our legal assistance page for ​more information, including a list of free legal assistance providers.

      *In immigration cases, you must hire and pay for your own attorney

      *In criminal cases, an attorney will be provided if you can't afford one

    • REQUEST A LOCAL TELEPHONE CALL

      Memorize phone numbers of family/friends with legal status

    ICIRR FAMILY SUPPORT HOTLINE: (855) 435-7693 

  • Yes, it is possible to be deported even if you have lived in the U.S. for many years, but you can fight your case. Make sure you understand your rights, consult with a qualified immigration attorney, and begin gathering important documents and saving money to prepare for your defense.

  • AT HOME:​

    • Do NOT open the door – teach children not to open the door!​

    • You are NOT required to open the door unless agents have a warrant signed by a judge​

    • If they ask to enter, tell them to show you the judicial warrant through a window or slipped under the door​

    • If they force their way in, don't resist. Tell everyone to remain silent.​

    • If you are arrested, remain silent, and do not sign anything until you speak to a lawyer.

    AT WORK:​

    • Federal law enforcement must have a warrant signed by a judge or permission from your employer to enter a private area of your workplace​

    • Federal law enforcement agents can enter public areas of your workplace without permission. Being in a public area does NOT give them authority to stop, question, or arrest anyone without a valid reason or warrant.

    • You do NOT have to answer any questions. You have the right to remain silent!​

    • Do not carry false documents with you

  • Your rights in a vehicle stop by ICE are similar to your home. You should assert your rights even if ICE officers ignore you — using these rights could help you fight a legal case!

    YOU MUST…

    • PULL OVER if stopped by any law enforcement.

    • SHOW YOUR ID

      ONLY the DRIVER is required to show a driver’s license or US government ID.

      Do not show any false documents or foreign documents like a passport or consular ID. 

    YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO…

    • REFUSE TO OPEN YOUR DOOR AND KEEP IT LOCKED unless they show you a signed judicial warrant.

      You may partially roll down your window to communicate or hand over documents, if necessary.

    • ASK THE OFFICER FOR IDENTIFICATION

    • REMAIN SILENT by stating “I wish to remain silent.“

      Do NOT answer questions about your place of birth. 

    • REFUSE TO SHOW OR SHARE ANY PASSENGER INFORMATION

      Passengers do NOT have to show ID or give any personal information. Remain silent by stating “I wish to remain silent.“

    • REFUSE A CAR SEARCH by stating, "I do not consent to a search."

    • ASK IF YOU ARE FREE TO GO by stating “Am I free to go?”

  • Thanks to the Castañon Nava Settlement, class members in Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Kansas, Kentucky, and Missouri may be eligible for release if detained following a warrantless arrest or during a vehicle stop.

    Report a warrantless arrest to the National Immigrant Justice Center here.

  • In Illinois, there are various city and state policies that protect immigrants. The Illinois TRUST Act prohibits local law enforcement from participating in immigration enforcement. Local police:

    • CANNOT transfer anyone into immigration’s custody or give access to anyone in local law enforcement custody.    

    • CANNOT provide information in response to any immigration agent’s inquiry.

    • CANNOT stop, arrest, search, or detain anyone solely based on citizenship or immigration status.

    • CANNOT ask you about your immigration status or deny service based on immigration status.

    Report potential TRUST Act violations to the ICIRR hotline: 1-855-435-7693

    Report any Chicago police department misconduct to COPA here.

  • Print and complete our “Emergency Family Plan” in our Know Your Rights Toolkit and keep it handy in case of emergency.

    1. Know & exercise your rights​.

    2. Identify who will take care of your children and update your emergency contact information at your children's school & doctor​.

    3. Memorize important phone numbers​.

    4. Gather important documents in a safe place and let your emergency contact know where to find them.

    5. Get a legal consultation.

  • Start a family plan and talk to your children or dependents about it to ensure everyone knows what to do in case of an emergency. As part of the plan, you might consider having guardianship documents in place.

    Guardianship documents allow you to legally designate a trusted adult to care for your children if you are unable to do so. These documents can specify who will make decisions about your children’s education, healthcare, and daily needs. Learn more about short-term guardianship from Illinois Legal Aid Online (ILAO).

  • There are two ways to locate someone in detention.

    1. Search online at locator.ice.gov by their A-Number and country of birth, or by their full name and country of birth.

    2. Call their country of origin’s consulate emergency line as federal agencies are required by law to notify consulates when a national from their country is detained. 

      *The emergency line phone number for the Mexican Consulate in Chicago is 1-888-755-5511

      *For Mexican immigrants anywhere in the United States, call 1-520-623-7874

    Report any ICE or federal law enforcement activity as soon as possible to ICIRR’s Family Support Hotline:1-855-435-7693

    Gather immigration and criminal documents, if any, including prior immigration applications, prior removal orders, or police reports. 

    If your loved one is offered to speak to an attorney by the judge, they should say YES! There are free legal service providers through the Midwest Immigrant Defenders Alliance assisting individuals detained in Illinois to fight their cases. 

    Depending on your loved one’s immigration and criminal history, they may have a right to a hearing before a judge to fight their case and/or be released on bond. For more information, check out NIJC’s resource page here.

  • Visit our Legal Assistance page to find free immigration legal service providers in Illinois.

    If you are outside of Illinois, find a provider in your state on the Immigration Advocates Network Legal Directory. 

  • Federal immigration officers are reportedly asserting sweeping power to forcibly enter people’s homes without a judge’s warrant, according to an internal ICE memo obtained by The Associated Press.

  • The memo provides internal guidance for ICE agents on tactics and priorities when entering private property to make arrests. It does not change the law.

  • No. The memo instructs ICE agents to use administrative warrants, which do not give ICE the legal right to enter private property. Administrative warrants are issued internally by ICE and do not go through a court process.

  • The U.S. Constitution’s Fourth Amendment protects everyone in the U.S. from unreasonable searches and seizures. Law enforcement, including ICE, cannot enter private property without permission or a judicial warrant signed by a judge. Entering without either violates the Constitution.

  • You have the right to: 

    • Deny entry: Say, “I do not consent to the search or entry of my property.” 

    • Ask for a judicial warrant: Only a judge can authorize legal entry. 

    • Record the interaction: Documenting the event helps create a record of your rights being asserted. 

    Even if rights are sometimes violated, exercising them creates a record and reminds authorities that the law still applies. Asserting your right to privacy may not stop ICE in the moment, but it can help protect you in court later. 

ICE Administrative Warrants and Your Rights

Immigration Relief Options

  • DACA has been facing legal challenges and it is under review by the courts. New applications are being accepted, but they won’t be processed while the court order is in effect.

    Submitting a DACA application for the first time carries risks, like exposure to immigration authorities and potential financial loss. Consult an attorney to understand the full risks.

  • Yes, only individuals who have previously been granted DACA are eligible to submit renewals at this time. You should file your renewal application within the recommended time frame—typically 120 to 150 days (4 to 5 months) before your current DACA status expires.

  • If your DACA has been expired for less than 1 year then you can file a standard renewal.

    If your DACA has been expired for more the 1 year your will need to apply as a first time applicant.  [See question 1]

  • TPS is a form of humanitarian relief for individuals from designated countries affected by conditions such as armed conflict, environmental disasters, or other extraordinary circumstances. You must be a national of a country currently designated for TPS and meet specific criteria, including continuous physical presence in the U.S. for a certain period. 

    Once you are granted TPS, you must re-register during each re-registration period to maintain TPS benefits. This applies to all TPS beneficiaries, including those who were initially granted by USCIS, an Immigration Judge, or the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA). 

    Learn more about TPS at Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project. 

    For Venezuela:   

    As of March 31, 2025, the courts are requiring USCIS to respect the 2023 TPS designation of Venezuela. While the registration period is currently open until September 2025, it is recommended to apply sooner rather than later. If granted, your TPS would be valid until October 2, 2026. 

    • For those who were granted TPS under the 2021 or 2023 designation, you must re-register before September 10, 2025, to maintain your TPS status.  

    • If you have a pending application, you do not need to re-register. 

    • If you have not yet applied for TPS, and you have been in the U.S. since July 31, 2023, you may be eligible and should be able to apply by September 10, 2025. 

    For Haiti:

    As of February 20, 2025, DHS changed the extension and re-designation period for Haitian TPS. The extension and re-designation period of TPS for Haitians is now reduced from 18 months to 12 months, with a new end date of August 3, 2025, instead of February 3, 2026. The initial registration period for new applicants under the re-designation will remain in effect until August 3, 2025.  

    • If you have not yet applied for TPS and you have been in the U.S. since June 3, 2024, you may be eligible and should apply by August 3, 2025. 

    For other country-specific TPS information and for the most up-to-date information, review the USCIS website. Additional information can also be found at the Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project website.

    You may also be eligible for other immigration relief. It’s important that you seek a legal screening with a trusted immigration representative to review your options. Visit our Legal Assistance page to find out more. 

  • There are many types of parole, and some parole statuses may be impacted by recent Trump administration actions. On March 25, 2025, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) published a notice that humanitarian parole for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans will be terminated on April 24, 2025.  

    Read our FAQ on Parole Program Termination below to learn more.

  • Asylum is a form of protection that allows individuals to stay in the U.S. if they fear returning to their home country due to persecution. It provides a path to lawful permanent residency.

    To win asylum, you must show all of the following:

    • You have been harmed in the past, or you have good reason to believe that you will be harmed in the future, in your country of origin.

    • This harm is because of a specific characteristic like your race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or something else about you that you cannot change or should not have to change.

    • The government of your country of origin has caused or will cause this harm, or the government is unwilling or unable to protect you from this harm.

    • You would not be safe if you moved to another part of your country of origin.

    Asylum is granted to individuals who are already in the U.S. and fear returning to their home country. 

    There are three ways to apply for asylum:

    1. Affirmative Asylum: This applies if you don't already have a case in front of an immigration judge and you're submitting your asylum application directly to USCIS.

    2. Defensive Asylum: This applies if there is already a removal or deportation case against you in front of an immigration judge, and you request asylum as a defense against removal.

    3. Expedited Removal Proceedings: If you're in expedited removal proceedings, you can request asylum during that process.

    You must apply for asylum within one year of arriving in the U.S., unless you qualify for an exception. Additionally, your spouse and unmarried children under 21, who are in the US with you, can be included in your asylum application. You can petition for children and spouses abroad once you asylum is granted.

    Learn more about the asylum process at Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project.

    Visit our Legal Assistance page to find a free immigration legal service provider near you.

  • Victims of crime or domestic violence may access legal protections such as U Visas, T Visas, or support under the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). These provide relief, work authorization, and, in some cases, a path to permanent residency.

    Social services like shelters, legal aid, and counseling services are often available, regardless of immigration status.

    It is important to report the incident to the police to ensure access to these protections. In Illinois the police cannot ask about your immigration status. Seek guidance from trusted organizations to understand your options

  • If your protection has expired, and you're unable to renew, consult with an attorney to explore other legal status. If no other options are available, remember you are not alone and still have rights, regardless of your immigration status.

    See our Know Your Rights section.

  • You should consult with an immigration attorney or a Department of Justice Accredited Representative (DOJ Representative) to get trusted legal advice. Only licensed attorneys or DOJ Representatives are authorized to give legal advice on your immigration case.

Parole Programs

  • Under federal law, immigration authorities can allow certain people to enter the US without a visa on a temporary basis (generally up to two years). The Biden Administration created several parole programs for people fleeing Afghanistan (Operation Allies Welcome), Ukraine (Uniting for Ukraine), and Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela (CHNV), and for people showing up at the border seeking asylum (CBP One).  These programs allowed people to be screened abroad or at the border, then enter the US and obtain work authorization for a period of time. 

  • The current administration is attempting to end several of these parole programs and cancel work authorization granted under these programs. If you entered the U.S. through one of these programs, these changes could affect your legal status and your ability to work.

    Some people are getting letters from the government telling them they must leave the U.S. Courts are currently hearing legal challenges to stop some of these programs from ending, so it’s important to stay informed as things evolve. 

    If you have any questions or receive notice that your parole has been revoked, before taking any action, we recommend you register for a workshop where a legal representative will screen you for eligibility and advise you on your options.

  • If you came to the U.S. through CBP One, you might get a letter saying your parole is ending and you have 7 days to leave the country. You are not required to leave the U.S. based on this notice. Please consult with a trusted immigration lawyer or DOJ-accredited representative before making any decisions. 

    If your parole ends, your work permit will also end unless your work permit is based on something else, like TPS or asylum. If you applied for or received TPS, asylum, or another immigration benefit, those will not be affected, and you can keep working on them.  

  • Notices sent to people who arrived through U4U were issued in error. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has confirmed these messages were sent by mistake and that the U4U program is still valid. 

  • Homeland Security has announced that it is ending CHNV and notified people who arrived through CHNV that they must leave by April 24, 2025. However, on April 14, 2025, a U.S. judge blocked this change while a lawsuit moves forward. The government tried to appeal this decision, but it was blocked by a District Court Judge on May 5, 2025.

    If you were granted parole under this program, your parole is still in effect until further court developments. You can sign up for updates on the lawsuit here.

  • If you receive a notice that your parole will be terminated and you should leave the U.S., it’s important to seek legal advice before making any decisions. Talk with a trusted immigration attorney or DOJ-accredited representative to understand your options. Even if you receive a letter or email from Homeland Security, getting expert advice first can help protect your chances for future immigration options. An attorney or accredited representative can help identify ways for you to remain in or return to the US lawfully, like TPS or asylum, and guide you through the process to ensure you make the best decision for your situation. Legal advice is particularly important if you have already applied for other immigration benefits or have a case in immigration court. 

  • Termination of your parole will also terminate your parole-based work authorization, even if your work permit has not yet expired. However, if you are eligible for work authorization based on another status, such as pending asylum or Temporary Protected Status (TPS), you may still be able to apply for a new work permit.    

  • Yes, if your parole is terminated, you may still be eligible to pursue asylum or other forms of immigration relief. If you have not yet submitted an application, it is critical to seek legal support to apply as soon as possible. If you have an upcoming immigration court date, you will still be able to apply for other benefits through the Immigration Court.

    If you receive a letter from ICE or the Immigration Court, you should contact a trusted attorney or DOJ-accredited representative to discuss your options. Visit our Legal Assistance page to register for a workshop with a TRP representative.

  • The termination of your parole will not affect your immigration benefit applications, such as TPS or asylum, as long as you have applied for or received those benefits. You can continue with those applications even if your parole ends.

  • If you are arrested by federal agents, remember that you have rights.  

    • Remain Silent: You have the right to remain silent and not answer questions about your immigration status without an attorney present.  

    • Request a call: You have the right to call an attorney, a family member, or a trusted contact.  

    If you fear harm, persecution, or torture in your home country, tell the officers immediately and clearly.   

    Get a Legal Consultation.

    If you have questions about a parole termination notice, consult an immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative who can advise you on your rights and any potential legal risks.  

    If you’re at risk of being placed in removal proceedings, an immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative can help you understand any options you may have to fight your case and stay in the U.S. For example, if you have been here for more than 10 years, you might be eligible for cancellation of removal based on hardship to certain U.S. citizen or Lawful Permanent Resident family members.  

    You can find options for free or low-cost legal help below:  

    Stay Informed and check back here for more updates as we monitor the situation.

Asylum

  • No. On December 2, 2026, USCIS issued a policy memorandum announcing an indefinite hold on USCIS decisions for pending asylum cases from all countries.  

  • No. The pause only impacts cases that were filed with USCIS, that have not been referred to Court.  

  • If your interview is canceled, USCIS will send you a notice alerting you of the cancelation. Unless you receive a notice expressly canceling your interview, you should still plan to attend the interview.  

  • Yes. Starting July 22, 2025, USCIS and Immigration Court require a $100 filing fee when submitting Form I-589. 

  • Yes. If you filed your asylum application after October 1, 2024, you will be required to pay the Annual Asylum Fee (AAF) of $100 each year on the anniversary of your filing.  

    • For example, if you filed your asylum application on October 2, 2024, you will be required to pay the AAF on October 2, 2025 and every year thereafter that your application remains pending.  

  • USCIS will send you a letter when your fee is due with instructions for how to pay the fee.

    The fee must be paid within 30 days of the notice date listed on top of the paper. If you filed your asylum application with an attorney, you should reach out to that attorney before paying any fees.  

    DO NOT PAY ANY FEES UNLESS YOU RECEIVE A NOTICE FROM USCIS.

    MAKE SURE YOU FOLLOW THE EXACT INSTRUCTIONS ON THE NOTICE TO PAY THE FEES.

    If you are not sure whether you should pay the fee, or how to pay the fee,  talk to an immigration attorney or DOJ accredited representative before paying.  

  • Initial EAD: $0 plus the additional fee. The additional fee is $550.

    • Total cost for Initial EAD is $550.  

    Renewal EAD: Paper filing $520 plus additional fee. Online filing $470 plus additional fee. The additional fee is $275. 

    • Paper filing a Renewal EAD total cost: $795 

    • Online filing a Renewal EAD total cost: $745 

  • No. The fees associated with an asylum application and work permits cannot be waived. 

  • USCIS: online with A# and receipt number 

    • Note: USCIS does not seem to be accepting fees as of October 9, 2025. We will continue to monitor this and update if anything changes.  

    Immigration Court: pay online (credit/debit, PayPal, etc.) and include receipt. 

    • Note: EOIR is accepting payment for annual asylum fees and initial filing fees. 

    DO NOT PAY ANY FEES UNLESS YOU RECEIVE A NOTICE FROM USCIS.

    MAKE SURE YOU FOLLOW THE EXACT INSTRUCTIONS ON THE NOTICE TO PAY THE FEES. 

  • If you receive a notice, you should pay the fee within 30 days. 

  • It could negatively impact your asylum case including a delay in processing.

    It is also possible that the Court could try to terminate your asylum case for failure to pay the filing fee.  

Policy Changes

  • TRP expects an increase in deportations in 2025. Anyone not legally authorized to be in the United States is at greater risk of immigration enforcement actions including detention and deportation.

  • We want to be sure that our communities have access to the most up-to-date news and resources. Here’s what you can do:

    1. Continue to visit this website.

    2. Follow us on social media.

    3. Subscribe to our TRP IJ newsletter.

    4. Tune in to our Weekly Immigration Update on Facebook and Instagram Live every Friday at 4 pm CST.

  • Chicago and all of Illinois have laws that prohibit local enforcement officers from asking for an individual's immigration status, detaining them simply because of their immigration status or cooperating with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). ICE and federal agents can still arrest and put individuals in deportation proceedings in any part of the state.

  • Previously, ICE had a policy to not conduct raids in areas deemed "sensitive locations,” including schools, hospitals and clinics, places of worship, courts, and other locations. 

    In January 2025, the Trump administration rescinded the sensitive locations memo, allowing ICE to conduct enforcement activities more broadly — around these sensitive locations that were previously protected.

    Many locations, including schools, in Illinois have internal policies to not allow entry for ICE or federal law enforcement without a warrant signed by a judge. It’s important to always be prepared and remember your rights!

    1. Remain Silent

    2. You have the right to speak to an attorney

    3. Do not answer questions or show documents from another country

  • As of January 21, 2025, the Trump administration announced the expansion of expedited removal. Under this expanded policy, expedited removal applies to any noncitizen who has not been admitted or paroled into the United States and cannot show that they have been here for at least two years.

    If you have resided in the U.S. for MORE than two years: Carry documents with your name, location and date, such as a license or U.S.-issued ID, that prove you have been residing in the country for at least 2 years. 

    ANYONE facing expedited removal who demonstrates fear of returning to their home country or says they want to apply for asylum, will be referred for an interview regarding their fear of return.

    Consult with an immigration attorney to review your options.

  • On January 29, 2025 Trump signed the Laken Riley Act, which expands mandatory detention of undocumented immigrants, and even those with lawful status like DACA or TPS, who are arrested for, charged with, or convicted of certain crimes, including, burglary, larceny, theft, shoplifting, assaulting a police officer, and any crime that results in death or serious bodily injury.


    Consult with an immigration attorney to review how this new law may impact your case.

  • On February 25, 2025, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced they will be requiring certain immigrants to register and be fingerprinted.

    Please read our Non-Citizen Registration FAQs below to find out more.

I.C.E. at Airports

  • Immigration enforcement has always happened at international airports because they are points of entry. Usually, Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers are there to check international travelers and decide who can enter the country. 

    Under the Trump administration, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has also been deployed to international airports in two main ways: 

    1. Targeted enforcement: TSA shares travel information with ICE to identify and detain individuals. (this has been going on for almost a year now).  

    1. Airport support presence: As of March 23, 2026, ICE agents have been placed at international airports to help with TSA lines and checkpoints. However, their presence can also increase the risk of immigration enforcement.  

  • ICE can detain someone they believe is in the country without permission. CBP and ICE have been working together to detain and question individuals who they believe do not have status in the U.S. 

    A Supreme Court decision has also allowed immigration officers to consider different factors when deciding who to stop, including a person’s race and language.  

  • As of March 23, 2026: 

    • ICE presence has been confirmed at O’Hare International Airport  

    • No ICE presence has been reported at Midway International Airport 

  • If you are not a U.S. Citizen, you may be at higher risk of being stopped, questioned, or detained, especially if you: 

    • Have been arrested or detained by police  

    • Have a criminal conviction  

    • Have an ongoing immigration case, or 

    • Are undocumented or without a permanent status (for example, individuals with approved DACA, TPS or pending asylum applications).  

    If the above applies to you, you are encouraged to seek advice from an immigration attorney before traveling by airplane or being near an airport. This includes domestic travel through airports.  

  • You have the right to: 

    • Remain silent — say: “I am invoking my right to remain silent.”

    • Ask for a lawyer — say: “I want to speak to an attorney.”

    • Not sign any documents without speaking to a lawyer  

    • Make a phone call  

    Learn more at one of our weekly Know Your Rights Trainings. Visit our Know Your Rights page for more information.

    • You should invoke your rights 

    • You may assert your U.S. citizenship status or show your passport  

    • If traveling with non-US citizens, be aware of how declaring your citizenship could impact those without it.  

  • If you are a lawful permanent resident: 

    • You should invoke your rights. 

    • You may show your LPR card to officers 

    If you have a criminal arrest: 

    • You may show officers proof the case was dismissed (through Certified Disposition) 

    • You should discuss with your immigration attorney before traveling if you have any criminal arrests or convictions on your record. 

    If you do not have permanent status: 

    • You should invoke your rights. I 

    • If you have an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) you may show it to officers as proof of your temporary or deferred status. ** 

    If you are undocumented:

    • You should invoke your rights.  

    • If you have a pending application with the Immigration Court or USCIS, you may show the officer a copy of your receipt notice or Notice to Appear. ** 

    **Showing an officer that you have lawful status or a pending application may not stop them from detaining you. 

    If you are detained: 

    • You should immediately invoke your rights  

    • Ask to call an attorney or the ICIRR hotline.  

    • Memorize phone numbers to avoid unlocking your phone in the presence of officers. 

    • Evaluate your risk before traveling 

    • Speak to an immigration attorney if you have an ongoing immigration case 

    •  Share your travel details with someone you trust, including:  

    • Flight, airline, and arrival time  

    • Your A# (Alien Number) and your attorney’s contact 

    • Bring proof of your status, like a green card, work permit, or visa, and keep a copy stored safely.  

  • At international airports or other ports of entry: 

    • Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) and ICE can search your phone or other electronics even if you refuse the search.  

    • This applies to both US citizens and immigrants. 

    Elsewhere in the U.S.: 

    • Law enforcement, including ICE and CBP needs your permission or a judicial warrant to search your phone or electronics.  

  • At international airports or U.S. ports of entry (borders): 

    • Devices can still be accessed using technology, even without your password. Information may be used as evidence.  

    • Visa holders: If you refuse, CBP may deny you entry into the U.S.  

    • Legal Permanent Residents (LPRs) and U.S. citizens: You cannot be denied entry, but you may be placed in secondary inspection and/or be subject to additional questioning or screenings 

  • Yes. Find more information about the facial comparison technology that TSA started using and how to opt out here.

Non-Citizen Registration

  • At the beginning of 2025 the Trump Administration announced that some immigrants will need to register online and provide their fingerprints to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). DHS is referring to this as the “Alien Registration Requirement”; we will refer to it as the Non-citizen Registration Requirement, or, Registration.  

    The Registration Requirement went into effect on April 11, 2025. Although a lawsuit was filed on  March 31, 2025, challenging the registration requirement for noncitizens, a judge denied the preliminary injunction, meaning that, the rule went into effect as scheduled.  

    Once the Registration rules goes into effect, non-citizens have 30 days to register.  Failure to register may result in criminal penalties and/or fines.

    Non-citizens should consult with a trusted immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative for further guidance regarding Registration and its possible consequences. 

  • The primary groups of non-citizens that must register using the new process established by DHS are: 

    • Non-citizens who entered without being inspected by an immigration officer, have not been encountered by DHS, or who do not have work authorization. 

    • Non-citizens who entered without being inspected by an immigration officer and have applied for certain benefits (including asylum and Temporary Protected Status) but do not have employment authorization documents (work permit), or who have not been issued a Notice to Appear, the document that is issued to begin removal proceedings. 

    • All non-citizens above the age of 14 who remain in the United States for 30 days or longer. 

    • Children turning 14 must register and be fingerprinted within 30 days of their birthday, even if they were previously registered. 

    • Canadian nationals who last entered the U.S. without receiving a Form I-94. 

  • The following groups are considered registered--this is not a complete list:    

    • Green card holders (Lawful Permanent Residents) 

    • People who were granted parole, including advance parole (even if expired) 

    • People who came to the U.S. on a nonimmigrant or immigrant visa (even if expired) 

    • People who are already in immigration removal or deportation proceedings 

    • People granted employment authorization on any basis (even if expired) 

    • Refugees 

    • People who applied for lawful permanent residence (even if application was denied) 

    • People who have border crossing cards or entered the U.S. as “crewman”  

  • The requirement is set to start on April 11, 2025. 

    Stay connected to trusted sources for updates. Follow us on social media for more information or visit our Legal Assistance page to schedule an appointment with a TRP representative who can help.

  • Penalties vary by violation with fines up to $5,000, jail time, or both for some offenses.   

    • Willful failure to register: Up to $5,000 fine and/or up to 6 months in jail.  

    • Not carrying proof of registration: Up to $5,000 fine and/or up to 30 days in jail. 

    • Not updating your address with USCIS (a separate form you can file online) within 10 days: Up to $200 fine and/or 30 days in jail. 

  • Registering can show that you are following the rules, which might help with future immigration applications. 

    It’s important to be honest when you register. Providing false information such as using a fake name or lying about your immigration history can lead to serious consequences. For non-citizens, this could mean being placed in removal proceedings or criminal charges. U.S. citizens could face criminal charges. 

    If you are undocumented, registering could lead to removal proceedings before an immigration judge, even if you haven’t done anything wrong. ICE could send you a letter asking you to report to an office, where they may detain you or start removal proceedings. If you cannot prove you've been in the U.S. for over two years, you could face expedited removal, a fast-track deportation process with no hearing before a judge unless you have credible fear of torture or persecution.   

    It’s important to talk to an immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative before registering to understand your rights.  

  • If you don’t register, you could face criminal charges. This can happen if you have contact with law enforcement like ICE and they see that you have not registered. (See the question above for more details about possible penalties). 

    Not registering could also affect your future immigration applications.  Immigration benefits are discretionary. This means the government can choose to approve or deny your application based on your history. If you don’t register, it could be used against you later. 

  • Yes, you should carry proof of registration.  There are different forms of proof based on what makes you considered registered (for example, a Notice to Appear for court, a work authorization card, proof that you have an application for permanent residency). 

    Once you register through this process online, and you have completed your fingerprints at a USCIS Application Support Center, USCIS will issue you a certificate "Proof of Alien Registration" document found on your online account. This document should be carried with you as proof that you have registered. 

    Many non-citizens in the United States already have a document that serves as proof of registration like:  

    • I-94 Arrival-Departure Record 

    • I-485 Application for Permanent Resident Receipt Notice  

    • I-590 Registration for Refugee Status 

    • Green Card (I-551) 

    • Employment Authorization Document (EAD) (I-766) 

    • Notice to Appear (I-862) 

    • Border Crossing Card (I-185, I-186) 

    Even if you carry this proof, remember, you have the right to remain silent and to talk to a lawyer if you're stopped or arrested. 

  • If you have questions about Registration and how it may impact you, consult an immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative who can advise you on your rights and any potential legal risks. 

    If you’re at risk of being placed in removal proceedings, an immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative can help you understand any options you may have to fight your case and stay in the U.S. For example, if you have been here for more than 10 years, you might be eligible for cancellation of removal based on hardship to certain U.S. citizen or Legal Permanent Resident family members.  

    There is no cost to register. The only place you can register is through the official USCIS website. Do not pay anyone to assist you with registering! Instead, seek a legal consultation with a trusted immigration attorney or DOJ accredited representative.  

    You can find options for free or low-cost legal help below:

    For more information about your rights related to this policy, visit the National Immigration Law Center. Stay connected to trusted sources for updates.

Travel Ban

  • June 4, 2025 – Travel Ban: The U.S. issued a Travel Ban restricting entry from multiple countries, with full and partial bans depending on visa type and travel purpose. 

    December 2, 2025 – USCIS Policy Memo: USCIS paused all pending immigration and asylum applications for countries on the Travel Ban and ordered re-reviews of previously approved applications. 

    December 16, 2025 – White House Proclamation: The Entry Ban Proclamation expanded the Travel Ban to additional countries, removed previous exemptions for Afghan visa holders and immediate relatives of U.S. citizens, and takes effect January 1, 2026. 

  • The following countries have a full ban. Entry is not allowed regardless of visa type:

    Afghanistan, Myanmar (Burma), Chad, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Haiti, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen, Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, South Sudan, Syria, Laos*, Sierra Leone* 

    *Laos & Sierra Leone moved from partial to full restrictions) 

    The following countries have a partial ban. Entry may be allowed in limited circumstances depending on the type of visa and travel purpose:

    Partial Ban (limited entry by visa type/purpose): Burundi, Cuba, Togo, Turkmenistan, Venezuela, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Benin, Côte d’Ivoire, Dominica, Gabon, Gambia, Malawi, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, Tonga, Zambia, Zimbabwe 

    Note: The countries and exemptions listed above reflect changes from the December 16, 2025 White House Entry Ban Proclamation. 

  • The White House issued a new Entry Ban Proclamation that expands the existing June 4, 2025 Travel Ban, adding more countries to the full and partial restriction lists and removing previous exemptions for certain groups. These changes go into effect on January 1, 2026. 

  • Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, South Sudan, Syria, Laos*, Sierra Leone*, and Palestinian Authority passport holders (*Laos and Sierra Leone moved from partial to full restrictions). 

    For the full list of affected countries, see the answer to the question above. 

  • Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Benin, Côte d’Ivoire, Dominica, Gabon, Gambia, Malawi, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, Tonga, Zambia, Zimbabwe 

    For the full list of affected countries, see the answer to the question above.  

  • Under the December 16, 2025 Proclamation, exemptions for Afghan immigrant visa holders and immediate relatives of U.S. citizens have been removed. This means these groups are now fully subject to the travel restrictions outlined in the updated Travel Ban. 

  • The Proclamation includes exceptions for: 

    • lawful permanent residents 

    • existing visa holders  

    • certain visa categories like athletes and diplomats  

    • individuals whose entry serves U.S. national interests

    The Proclamation narrows broad family-based immigrant visa carve-outs that carry demonstrated fraud risks, while preserving case-by-case waivers. 

  • On December 2, 2025, USCIS announced a new policy called "Hold and Review of all Pending Asylum Applications and all USCIS Benefit Applications Filed by Aliens from High-Risk Countries."  

    This memo includes the following directives which go into effect immediately:  

    • Pauses pending Applications for Asylum with USCIS regardless of country of origin. 

    • Orders re-review of approved immigration application for individuals from countries listed in June 2025 travel ban.   

    • Pauses all pending immigration applications for people from countries listed in June 2025 travel ban. 

    • If you are from any of the countries, USCIS will temporarily stop working on your case. They will not decide, move your application forward, or schedule interviews until the security review of the countries is over. 

  • The memo does not fully explain the types of immigration applications subject to pause, but it is likely that anything filed with USCIS will be subject to the pause.

    USCIS listed examples of application requests that will not move forward for now:  

    • Green Card Applications (Form I-485)

    • Applications for Travel Documents/ Advance Parole (Form I-131) 

    • Green Card Renewals or Replacements (Form I-90)

    • Petitions to Remove Conditions on a Green Card (Form I-751)

    *This is not an exhaustive list  

  • There is no specific time limit on the pause. USCIS says it needs to complete a “security review” of applications from these countries. The pause will stay in place until that review is done. 

  • Yes. Plan on attending any scheduled interviews or appointments unless USCIS sends you an official cancelation notice. 

  • Yes. You can still file for immigration benefits with USCIS, but the application will likely not be processed until the pause is lifted.  

  • Possibly. If you entered the U.S. on or after January 20, 2021 and received an “approved benefits request” your case may be subject to a “re-review.” This could include checking your information, asking for documents, or having a new interview. 

  • On December 2, 2026 USCIS issued a policy memo stating that USCIS has paused all asylum decisions. This does not include cases filed with or referred to Immigration Court. (See our Asylum FAQs for more information) 

  • Yes. USCIS issued memo on November 21, 2025 stating that all refugees who entered the U.S. between January 21, 2021 and February 20, 2025, will be subject to a “review and potential re-review”.  

    The purpose of the review is to confirm that each refugee: 

    • Met the official definition of a refugee at the time of entry, and  

    • Was admissible when they arrived in the US  

    *This applies to all refugees who entered during this period, even if they are now Lawful Permanent Residents (LPRs) 

Voluntary Repatriation

  • Self-deportation is an informal term used to describe when someone leaves the United States (U.S.) usually because it becomes hard for them to stay. It is not a formal legal process, but this term used by the current administration in messages about immigration.  

    We will not use the term “self-deportation” because it can be confusing and hurtful. Instead, we will use the term “voluntary repatriation.”

  • Voluntary repatriation means choosing to return to your home country on your own. It is a personal decision you make when you feel it is the best option for you and your family. 

    You may choose voluntary repatriation if you want to be closer to family, if it’s safe to return, or if you are not able to stay in the U.S. and want to leave with some control over the process. This is not a formal legal process because it does not require applying for or getting official permission, and it doesn’t involve any legal paperwork or court proceedings. 

    Note: Voluntary repatriation is different from “voluntary departure.” Voluntary departure is a legal option an Immigration Judge may grant during a court case.

  • No, they are different.  

    Voluntary Repatriation  

    • An immigrant decides to leave the U.S.  

    • It is not a legal process. 

    • It does not offer any protection or guarantees of future immigration benefits. 

    • Be cautious of anyone who promises that this option will lead to legal status later.  

    Deportation  

    • An Immigration Judge orders you to removed through a court case. 

    • If you have an open case in immigration court, it’s important to either finish the case or tell the judge if you plan to leave on your own. 

    • Leaving the country before a decision or without informing the court or USCIS can cause the judge to issue a removal order, which makes it harder to return later. 

    • In some cases, an immigration judge may may allow voluntary departure instead of a removal order. 

  • Voluntary departure is an alternative to removal that allows you to leave the U.S. on your own within a set amount of time, without receiving a deportation order on your record. This option may make it possible for you to return legally in the future. 

    This is an option for people who are in removal proceedings and must be approved by an Immigration Judge. 

    This is separate and different from voluntary repatriation. 

  • Everyone’s situation is different, so it’s important to talk to a trusted immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative before making any decisions. 

    Voluntary repatriation can give someone the chance to leave the U.S. on their own terms, without going through detention or a court process. It is important to know that voluntary repatriation is not a legal process. It does not provide protections or lead to immigration benefits in the future. 

  • Leaving the U.S. on your own can have legal effects: 

    • If you have any applications (like for a visa or green card) pending, leaving the U.S. usually means you give up on those applications, and you might lose your chance to receive that status. 

    • If you leave while you have a court case open, the judge will likely make a final order of removal (deportation). This makes it harder to come back to the U.S. and can stop you from getting some types of help or protection. 

    • If you applied for asylum but then go back to that country voluntarily, it will be hard to get asylum in the future unless things change a lot in your home country. 

    • If you have Temporary Protected Status (TPS) and you leave the U.S. voluntarily, you lose that status and the protections that come with it.  

  • Maybe. It depends on several factors, including:  

    • Their immigration history 

    • How they entered and how long they stayed in the U.S. 

    • Whether they had any past immigration violations 

    • Whether they have family or other ties in the U.S. 

    • The type of visa or immigration benefit they apply for in the future 

    If you entered the U.S. without permission, leaving the U.S. may trigger “bars.” Bars are time limits that stop you from coming back to the U.S. legally.  

    If you entered the U.S. more than once without permission, you may be blocked from returning unless you get a waiver or special permission from the government. 

    Although the current administration has said that people who leave may have a chance to return through a formal process, no official program or policy has been created. 

  • Voluntary repatriation can affect your ability to apply for immigration benefits or visas in the future. Some people may have to wait a certain amount of time before they can apply again. 

    If you had a visa but stayed in the U.S. too long, it may be hard to get another visa after you leave. Some programs like asylum or Temporary Protected Status (TPS) require you to be in the U.S. to apply. Leaving the U.S. could make you ineligible for those programs. 

    Important: The current administration offered a $1,000 stipend to those who leave voluntarily, requiring them to agree not to return to the U.S. 

  • There are no official forms or paperwork needed to leave on your own. You will need a valid passport from your home country. It is advisable to seek advice from an immigration lawyer or DOJ accredited representative before making any decisions.

     
    If applying for the $1,000 stipend, you should follow the process via the CBPHome App. 

  • It is not required to notify anyone before you leave on your own, but if you are considering returning to the U.S. at any time in the future, it is advisable to speak with a lawyer or DOJ accredited. 

     

    If you are in courts proceedings, it is generally a good idea to notify the Immigration Court before departing the U.S. This can help avoid a formal order against you if you don’t show up. 

    Before making any decisions, it is important to understand how leaving may affect your future immigration options. 

  • No, a lawyer is not required to start or finish the voluntary repatriation process. However, it is highly recommended to consult with a trusted immigration lawyer or accredited representative before making any decisions or plans. 

  • You can find resources here to help plan your departure.  

    Voluntary repatriation affects more than legal status. Important things to plan include: 

    • Travel documents: Make sure your passport is valid and check if you need any other documents to re-enter your home country. 

    • Money and travel costs: Plan how you will pay for your flight or transportation. 

    • Housing: Plan where you’ll live after returning whether that means staying with family or friends, or arranging a new place to live. 

    • Healthcare: If you have medical needs, investigate health services in your home country and make sure you bring important records and or prescriptions. 

    • Schooling: If you’re returning with children, research how to enroll them in school and get any needed transcripts or documents from the children’s school in the U.S. 

    • Jobs and income: Think about your work options after you return. You may need to transfer or update your skills, licenses, or certifications to find employment. 

    • Emotional support: Leaving the U.S. can be hard, especially if you have lived here a long time. Talk to someone you trust, like a community leader, counselor, or support group. 

    • Safety: Make sure it is safe to return. If you are afraid to go back for any reason, you may still have legal options to stay. 

  • If you do not have valid travel documents (like a passport), it may be hard or even impossible to leave the U.S. If you try to leave through an airport or land border without proof of your identity or nationality, you could be stopped, detained, or even sent to a third country that is not your home. It is important to make sure you have the right documents before trying to leave. 

  • Asylum is still a legal way for people who are afraid to go back to their home country to ask to stay in the U.S. You can apply for asylum and other benefits at the same time.  

  • Yes, the current administration has implemented new deportation priorities that broaden the groups of people it is targeting for removal. 

    • Recent Arrivals: People who have been in the U.S. for less than two years may be subject to expedited removal. Expedited removal means the government does not have to allow you to see an Immigration Judge before removing you from the United States.

      However, even if you are subject to expedited removal, you have a right to ask for asylum or a “credible fear interview” before you are removed from the U.S. If you ask for this and are considered truthful, the government has to give you an opportunity to tell your story to an Immigration Judge.  

    • Criminal Records: Noncitizens with criminal convictions, pending charges or arrest. If you have a criminal record, or a pending criminal case, you should speak to a trusted lawyer that has experience with both criminal and immigration laws.  

    • Final Orders of Removal: If you have been ordered removed or deported by an Immigration Judge or Border Agent, and you have exhausted your appeals, you may be subject to a “Final Order of Removal.” If you have a final order of removal, you may not be eligible for another court date in front of the Immigration Judge, unless you express a credible fear of return to your home country. You should clearly express that you want a credible fear interview or withholding of removal if you fear return to your country.  

    • Broader Enforcement: The administration has expanded enforcement efforts to include people not included in the above priorities, which has led to an increase in arrests and detentions.  

  • If someone with health concerns is in removal proceedings before an immigration judge, they can ask for humanitarian relief or deferred action to stay temporarily. These are usually short-term and don’t always lead to permanent legal status. Sometimes, the judge may allow them to work while deferred action is in place, but this depends on the case. 

  • If you are on medication or need ongoing medical care, carefully consider your options before choosing voluntary repatriation.  

    If you choose voluntary repatriation, make sure you have enough medicine and a plan for your health needs in your home country before leaving the U.S. Leaving without proper medical support can be risky. Always try to get advice from a health professional or someone you trust to help you plan safely. 

  • If a Venezuelan national wants to leave the U.S. but does not have a valid passport or ID, the process can be more complicated. Most airlines and border officials require a valid travel document to prove your identity and nationality. Since there is no Venezuelan embassy in the U.S., getting documents or travel permission to return to Venezuela can be difficult.  

    Individuals should talk to a trusted immigration practitioner before making any plans or decisions especially if they are unable to get travel documents or passports.  

  • The Trump administration has tried to end protections like TPS and parole for many people, including Venezuelans. These changes are still being challenged in court, and some protections remain in place for now. Colombians do not have specific TPS or parole programs. Because these rules can change and court cases are ongoing, it’s important to stay updated and check resources like our “Parole FAQ” for the latest information. 

Stay Informed and Be Prepared

  • Documents to carry 

    • Valid work authorization documents or green card 

      • However, keep in mind that If these documents are lost or stolen, replacing them will take time and money.

      • As a backup memorize your A# (Alien Registration Number).

    • Municipal ID (City Key)

    • State ID

    • State Driver’s License 

    Documents to avoid carrying

    • Documents from your country of origin 

    • False identity or immigration documents 

  • Some status', like DACA and TPS, require special permission called Advance Parole when traveling outside the U.S.

    Whatever your status, U.S. Customs and Border Protection has the authority to decide whether or not to let you back into the country, so it’s important to be prepared and understand your risk. 

    Before traveling, it's best to consult with a trusted immigration legal representative to make an informed decision.

  • Organizations may be able to assist you by preparing you for court, reviewing your documents or help you in finding an attorney. For more information on finding legal assistance, visit our Legal Assistance page.

  • Visit our volunteer page https://www.trpimmigrantjustice.org/volunteer 

  • Beware of immigration scams and fraud! In general:

    • If it sounds too good to be true… it might be — get a second opinion.

    • Check the person’s credentials.

    • Get everything in writing and copies of any documents prepared. 

    • Notaries cannot give legal advice, they can only verify someone’s identity.

    • Immigration will only  reach out via regular mail or automated messages.

    Report any fraud to the Office of the Attorney General of Illinois by filing a complaint online or by calling: 1-800-386-5438 ​(English) / 1-866-310-8393 (Spanish)​.

For Organizations and Allies

    1. Create safe spaces for community engagement

    2. Make a written response plan

    3. Ensure you indicate public versus private spaces

    4. Train front desk staff & your organization on your rights

    5. Review your security features such as front door policies

    6. Review your data collection policies

    Review more information and sample policies on the National Immigration Law Center’s Guide for Employers.

    Find more resources for organizations and employers from the Illinois Immigration Information Hub.

    1. Volunteer with us or one of the immigrant serving community organizations from our network of partners. If you live outside of Illinios, find a local community organization in your neighborhood. You can also visit IllinoisImmigrationInfo.org/volunteer for more volunteer opportunities in Illinois.

      *We appreciate your patience as we manage volunteer submissions to the best of our ability. While we may not have an opportunity for you right away, we refer to our registered list for upcoming openings!

    2. Spread the word about TRP Immigrant Justice and organizations like ours that offer vital resources for immigrants and resources for organizations. You can help by sharing our website, social posts, and you can subscribe to our newsletter to stay informed – knowledge is power!

    3. Donate to TPR immigrant Justice, and organizations like ours, to help us continue to provide support for immigrant families in Illinois as they adapt to new challenges.